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Game type:SlotGo-live date (expected):25/01/2024Game special features:– Cascading reels
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Road to ICE 2024: Entain’s sports betting acquisitions spark trouble

2023 was a tough year for Entain, with its heavily pursued strategy of sports betting mergers and acquisitions leading to questions over the company’s future, ultimately costing chief executive Jette Nygaard-Andersen her job.

Entain acquired Polish sportsbook operator STS Holding in August, before also finalising its purchase of Angstrom Sports in October. While those two deals were outlined as particularly beneficial by Nygaard-Andersen, she was out of a job before the full potential of the moves could be reached.

Nygaard-Andersen, who had led Entain since January 2021, resigned in December amid growing pressure, in part down to her use of the company plane, but largely because of the several expensive acquisitions made under her tenure.

Nygaard-Andersen’s exit was another sign of the waning confidence in Entain, which manifested itself again when new investor Corvex called for further changes to fix the “unacceptable” performance of the company.

Entain’s sports betting M&A strategy

As part of its ongoing growth strategy, Entain placed a large emphasis on acquiring businesses it felt could boost its market share worldwide.

One of those was the £203m (€237.4m/$257.9m) purchase of sports modelling, forecasting and analytics specialist Angstrom Sports in October. The acquisition, Entain says, makes it the only global operator to offer in-house forecasting, analytics, risk and pricing for US sports betting markets.

At the completion of the deal, Nygaard-Andersen outlined its particular benefits for BetMGM, a joint-venture between Entain and MGM Resorts, in the US.

However, eyebrows were raised in August when BetMGM launched its brand in the UK, in partnership with LeoVegas – and not Entain. That means BetMGM UK is directly competing with Entain’s UK brands, which include LadBrokes, Gala and Coral.

The Angstrom move happened in the wake of a £750m purchase of Polish sportsbook operator STS Holding, another deal made in Entain’s acquisition-driven expansion in Central and Eastern Europe. This followed a November 2022 deal to purchase Croatian gaming and sportsbook operator SuperSport Group for €690m.

Sports betting was not the only industry in which Entain utilised its hefty M&A strategy to varying success. Having acquired esports-focused operator Unikrn and rebranded it in December 2022, by the following October it had announced it would be scaling back direct-to-consumer operations with Unikrn.

Entain enjoys mixed success

It would be amiss not to note Entain’s Q3 update, in which it reported a 7% increase in net gaming revenue, as well as year-on-year growth across all business sectors.

Revenue was 9% higher than the previous Q3, largely down to an impressive 14% rise in online gaming revenue. Retail was also up 4%. However, Entain’s online sports betting segment only increased 1% in revenue.

BetMGM continues to perform well in the US, with its $458m in revenue for Q3 an 8% jump. BetMGM also has 18% share of markets in which it operates, excluding New York.

Entain hailed a successful start to the NFL season, which it put down to the “significant” investment it had made in improving the customer experience with BetMGM.

Some losing faith in Entain

Despite those successes, the questions over Entain’s future continued to build as 2023 went on, in part down to the company’s December agreement of a £585m financial payment with the Crown Prosecution Service over historic activities in Turkey.

Entain’s Q3 update of BetMGM holding an 18% market share in US states in which it offered online sports betting and igaming was level with Q2, and only slightly ahead of the 17% recorded in Q1.

This stagnation led to investment bank and financial services giant Goldman Sachs downgrading Entain from buy to sell, with concerns over business growth. Goldman Sachs pointed to regulatory headwinds, increased competition and market dynamics as the reasons for its downgrade.

Nygaard-Andersen’s resignation threw Entain’s future into further doubt, stepping down after criticism over her leadership. A recent report in the Financial Times suggested contention within the group prior to her depature. Criticism from previous and current executives and investors focused on Nygaard-Andersen struggling with slow revenue growth.

Activist hedge fund Corvex Management, which acquired a 4.4% stake in Entain in December, labelled Nygaard-Andersen’s departure a “necessary” first step. However, Corvex also called for further changes following an “unacceptable” recent performance by the group.

In terms of Entain’s future plans, its Q3 trading update saw it discuss Project Romer. This outlined a plan to reach an online EBITDA margin of 28% by 2026 and 30% by 2028.

To make this happen, Entain plans to simplify the group to improve operational leverage and drive cost efficiencies. This will include making cross cost savings of £100m by 2025.

Road to ICE 2024: Slot Trumps 2023 wrap-up

In 2023, iGaming Business and EveryMatrix embarked on data-driven joint venture – the Slot Trumps Behaviour Report. Slot Trumps gives readers a look into how players engage with some of the industry’s key markets.

In 2023, Slot Trumps provided a detailed analysis into three markets, with three more scheduled in the series. The latest – analysing player behaviour in Colombia – was published last week.

The first edition of Slot Trumps was released in September and focused on the Brazilian market – arguably the most talked-about market currently. It revealed that Brazilian players enjoy challenges and tournaments, as those enhance the gaming experience for them.

At the time of the Brazilian dashboard’s release, the country’s Chamber of Deputies had just approved Bill 3,626/23, which was set to regulate sports betting and online casino.

Much has changed since then. In November, Brazil’s Economic Affairs Commission (CAE) approved Bill 3,626/23. It confirmed a reduced 12% tax rate for sports betting and rejected an attempt to have igaming removed from the bill.

In December Brazil’s senate plenary voted to approve amendments to the bill, and decided to remove igaming altogether. However, it was eventually added back in. Earlier this month, President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva approved the new regulatory framework for sports betting and igaming.

Romania and Greece take the stage

Next up, the Slot Trumps dashboard veered over to Romania. The dashboard revealed that Romanian players are mostly retained by buy features, which can create a more rewarding game experience.

The top 20 most played games in Romania can be categorised into two groups – games with classic themes and no bonuses, and games that have buy features.

Ultimately, Romanian players enjoy familiarity. Games with so-called “classic” themes are preferred, alongside games with less slot features.

It’s a different story over in Greece, where according to the Slot Trumps Greek dashboard players prefer certain slots themes. Out of Greece’s top 1,865 games, 17.6% have fruit symbols and 15.0% feature animals.

In addition, Greek players prefer staking lower amounts over a longer period of time. Bets per spin average €0.79 across the top 20 games on SlotMatrix, a result of the maximum bet cap on slots in Greece.

Road to ICE 2024: White paper opens up opportunities for land-based casinos

In April 2023, the UK government finally released the long-awaited 2005 Gambling Act review white paper. The 260-page document outlined critical updates for the industry, focusing on bringing it into the digital age.

As such, many of the policies in the white paper were based on the public now having 24/7 internet and smartphone access. But it also contained a number of alterations for land-based venues, such as permitting casinos to offer sports betting at their premises.

Specifically, the government said it would allow “casinos of all sizes” to offer sports betting on their premises. Previously, only casinos licensed under the 2005 Gambling Act could offer sports betting.

The white paper put forward policies that would enhance player protection in land-based venues

Land-based stipulations protect players

Generally, the land-based specifications in the white paper centred on player protection measures. This was a large part of the motivation to create the white paper, with Lucy Frazer, the secretary of state for the Department of Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) pledging that the white paper would provide protections for vulnerable groups.

The white paper outlined a ban on under-18s playing on category D slot machines, also known as fruit machines. DCMS will also work in conjunction with the GB Gambling Commission to devise consultation options for contactless payments. This is because land-based premises have largely remained cash-based.

The Commission has instigated its consultation process for the white paper’s suggestions. The first round of consultations began in July and ended in October, while the second round began in November and will end in February.

After the white paper’s publication, Tim Miller, executive director for research and policy at the Commission said there will be “very little space” for the Commission to address policies not included in the white paper over the next few years.

The Commission will also contemplate changing its age verification slogan from “Think 21” to “Think 25” for land-based venues.

Reaction from land-based industry fairly positive

Speaking to a number of industry experts, iGB heard a largely positive response from the land-based industry in reference to the white paper’s policies.

Simon Thomas, executive chairman of the Hippodrome Casino praised the proposed consultation on contactless payments at land-based machines

Simon Thomas, executive chairman of the Hippodrome Casino praised the white paper’s publication after “a two-and-a-half-year wait”. He also lauded DCMS’ consultation on contactless payments at land-based machines.

However, he expressed concern over the lack of detail on the mandatory statutory levy outlined in the document.

“We would like more detail on the imposed levy,” he said. “So in terms of how much it’s going to be, taking into account that our tax rates and fixed costs are materially higher. Some idea of how the money will be used and allocated.”

Dan Waugh, partner at strategic advisory business Regulus Partners said there’s a long way to go before all the white paper’s policies are implemented. And the Commission’s involvement could be controversial, he continued, as it has a “reputation” as to how it handles consultations.

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– Play 50 lines during free gamesNumber of paylines:25Number of reels:5 columns x 3 rowsRTP% (recorded/theoretical):86.56%, 92.15%, 93.96%, 97.12%, 98.19%Variance/volatility:Very highNumber of symbols to trigger feature/bonus:3, 4 or 5 scatter symbolsCan feature be retriggered?YesNumber of free spins awarded:10, 20 or 50 free games are awardedStacked or expanding wilds in normal play?YesStacked or expanding wilds in feature play?NoNumber of jackpot tiers:–Auto-play function?Yes (optional)Buy feature?YesSuper Bet feature?Yes

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Has Matt Wilson restored the magic at Light & Wonder?

Light & Wonder’s quarterly results keep validating the decision to divest its sports betting and lottery arms.

Revenue for the third quarter of 2023 showed growth of 12.8% to $731m, aided by record returns from igaming and social casino games. It’s the fifth consecutive quarter of year-on-year, double-digit growth for the supplier.

But in chief executive Matt Wilson’s eyes, companies can only be world-class at a limited number of things. “We said we can’t be the best lottery company and the best sports platform and the best social casino company and so on – you just can’t do all those things. So we chose to be a content company keeping three very complementary businesses.

Light & Wonder: The first of many?

“It’s very competitive out there and those throwback ’80s-style conglomerates where lots of different businesses doing different things are rolled up together only fit in a portfolio because the same owner owns them,” Wilson adds. “That model doesn’t work.”

SimpliFYING THE LIGHT & WONDER BUSINESS “unLOCKED A HUGE AMOUNT OF VALUE”, SAYS CEO MATT WILSON

Light & Wonder is looking like a trendsetter in that regard. IGT is running a process to divest its Global Gaming and PlayDigital arms, to focus on its lottery business. Recent reports suggest Playtech may shift its focus to B2C – a bid for 888 failed earlier in the year – and divest B2B operations. 

If Light & Wonder scored a competitive advantage by stripping back, others are cottoning on. 

In the case of IGT, Wilson sees similarities and wholly endorses a simplified strategy. “We unlocked a huge amount of value,” he says. And if competitors are watching Light & Wonder closely, they may follow its other strategic moves. 

Heading Down Under

The supplier went on to secure a secondary listing on the Australian Stock Exchange, opening up access to new capital. Such was the interest 15% of Light & Wonder’s market cap now trades on the ASX – well ahead of management expectations. 

“We thought there was some interest down there for the Light & Wonder story, but as soon as we listed, we activated a huge amount of investors,” Wilson says. 

He has form in this regard, having gone through the process during his tenure at Aristocrat. It’s home turf for him, so he’s well known in the Australian investment community, but points out it’s a vastly untapped public market for gaming.

A secondary listing in Wilson’s native Australia opens up new capital for Light & Wonder

“There’s a superannuation programme in Australia where every employer has to put money into the markets for their employees.” That means there’s billions of dollars looking for a home every quarter. A quick skim down the ASX register shows a lot of mining and banking companies. Light & Wonder, on the other hand, offers a technology investment with a global addressable market. 

“I think we were pushing against an open door,” he adds.

Could another company emulate that strategy? As a company with Australian management, business in the country and a track record in the market, Wilson believes Light & Wonder had an ace up its sleeve. “But I could see other gaming businesses looking at that market as a potential investment opportunity,” he adds. “I wouldn’t be surprised if someone emulated the same strategy.”

Light & Wonder’s opportunities in the Far East

The ASX secondary listing provides a firmer foothold for the Asian region. Macau remains the main event, but the Asian opportunity is expanding into Japan, Thailand and Vietnam for land-based and, with Philippines igaming thriving, there’s a huge opportunity spanning multiple markets. 

Having lived there between 2007 and 2012, Macau is close to Wilson’s heart. He recently went back, for the first time in a decade and sees a can-do attitude that matches somewhere like Las Vegas. “When I was living there they even said they’d build a bridge from Hong Kong to Macau, which was an hour’s ferry ride, 30 miles away. And they build a bridge. 

“You underestimate China at your peril; they do things on such a big sale I think Macau’s getting back on its feet.”

“underestimate china at your peril”

However he believes the biggest story in Asia is the Philippines. “The chairman of Pagcor wants to double gross gaming revenues in a short window of time. That’s ambitious; you have to do things differently to unlock that. 

“That comes with a lot more integrated resorts. I think they’re purchasing a lot of equipment for their own sites. He’s gone on the record saying he’ll buy 3,000 gaming machines starting in January 2024.”

Wilson admits he didn’t understand the scale of the Philippines opportunity before he visited. Now? He believes it’s aiming to create a gaming hub rivalling Macau.

Building from a strong base in Asia

Light & Wonder owns around 50% of the Asian machine market, Wilson says. It has another ace up its sleeve for the region. Wilson credits its dominant position to the game developer behind 88 Fortunes, Qin You who “really mastered the art of building games for the Asian population. We love her,” says Wilson. 

You understands intrinsically what works appeals to the Chinese audience, as a native, creating authentic titles that position the supplier to profit from opportunities in the region, Wilson says. 

But Light & Wonder is an omnichannel business today, with thriving online and social arms. Considering Pagcor is preparing to launch its own online casino, is there hope for a meaningful online push?

Any expansion into the Philippines igaming market would require robust regulation, Wilson warns

That would require more legal certainty around the streaming model – where a physical device broadcasts through a web browser – as Light & Wonder takes compliance and its regulatory condition very seriously. “We’d only ever launch that market if the regulations were really clear and we could do it in a way that wouldn’t jeopardise anything.”

But as digital-first suppliers step up plans for world domination, Light & Wonder is coming up against rivals without the same compliance obligations. Without the obligations and revenue coming from land-based operations, igaming suppliers can – and have – taken a more relaxed view to what constitutes grey or black markets. 

Suppliers’ white, grey and black conundrum

At a time when the traditional land-based giants are digitising their portfolios, can they really compete against rivals that can pursue growth wherever and however they see it?

“I think we are disadvantaged, if I’m honest,” Wilson says bluntly.

“We’re competing with companies taking bets in black markets where they’re not paying taxes, margins are better so they’re better capitalised to make investments,” he explains. “Regulators need to take a long hard look about who’s operating in their ecosystem and whether they are comfortable with that.”

The general response from regulators is that their remit only covers a small patch of territory. Light & Wonder wants to change that. It’s outlined its position and Wilson believes it’s having an impact. “I think you’re starting to see some traction with new states looking at legislation that says to operate here you can’t be in black markets – the regulators can’t be seen to be supporting black market activity.”

Is 2024 the year US igaming breaks through?

If Matt Wilson has succeeded in shepherding Light & Wonder into its new, simplified era, as well as unlocking new capital and, potentially, new markets, US igaming remains a work in progress. 

Mature markets in Europe and the UK, he explains, are now digital-first territories, where players’ first exposure to gambling happens through a computer or a smartphone. Online is the players’ path to market.

In the US, the players’ path to the online market takes them through the casino floor. As the only show in town for the past 40 years, players are “already a bit conditioned to like certain types of games”. Wilson points out Light & Wonder specialises in these titles and franchises, although he’s confident there’s room for digital-first titles to win out over time.

“There’s still lots of space for lots of different types of games, but these kind of tentpole franchises players have been playing for many years win out,” he says. “Blazing Sevens is a brand in our portfolio. It’s been around for 40 years. We are reviving that from the land-based business to move into our digital ecosystem.”

Moving players into the omnichannel ecosystem

While the casino floor is what the US player knows and loves, that doesn’t mean there’s no interest in other channels. Light & Wonder’s research shows land-based players tend to dabble in social casino or igaming, where permitted. 

“When you look at the younger demographic, that younger cohort of players, they’re almost demanding it. You have to be digitally enabled, otherwise you’re going to miss out on the opportunity.”

Even if it’s one that hasn’t quite emerged just yet. Wilson admits it’s “not moving at the pace we’d like, but you have to believe in the next five to 10 years, there’ll be a huge step forward in the digitalisation of gaming markets all over the world – because it’s happening in black markets.

“It’s already happening. Let’s regulate it, for tax that drives benefits for states, drive some responsible gaming initiatives around it. 

“You can do it in a healthy way, in a protected way. I think as governments become more comfortable with that, you’ll see further and further regulation.”

Now that Light & Wonder is thriving across all three verticals, should the US and Asian opportunities open up in 2024, it’s hard to argue Wilson has brought the sparkle back to the business. 

Road to ICE 2024: Affordability checks looming large amid criticism

The Gambling Act review white paper was a huge landmark for the UK gambling industry. The white paper outlined how gambling should be regulated in the UK going forward. Key terms included consultations on stake limits, a mandatory statutory levy for operators and the introduction of an ombudsman.

However, affordability checks have continued to be one of the reviews’ most debated issues. While many in the industry agree with the white paper’s proposals, affordability checks were met with fierce opposition from operators and trade bodies.

The need for affordability checks

Many of the white paper’s proposals were made with the intention of protecting vulnerable groups. Gambling Commission research published in November revealed that one in 40 Britons is a problem gambler.

Lucy Frazer, the secretary of state for the Department of Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS), stated the DCMS would “force” operators to ramp up their affordability checks.

Players who lose £1,000 within 24 hours, or £2,000 over 90 days, will be subject to financial risk checks. Those who have a net loss beyond £125 each month, or £500 per year, will also have “passive” checks performed.

This was suggested in spite of research from sports betting community OLBG, which found over 65% of British punters who bet up to £1,000 per month would not be willing to provide documents as part of affordability checks.

The industry response

The industry response to affordability checks has been very strong, with a general belief that financial checks will prove harmful for business.

Andrew Rhodes, Commission chief executive, said affordability checks made up many of the responses to the white paper consultations.

In response to some saying affordability checks would drive gamblers to the black market, Rhodes declared those fears were “overstated”.

But pressure continued to come from the industry. The Gamblers Consumer Forum (GCF) contacted the UK’s statistics regulator to point out concerns over figures used by the Commission. Principally, the numbers of players set to be affected by affordability checks.

The Commission penned an open letter to Racing Post readers to “clear up misunderstandings” over the financial risk check consultations. The Commission accused the Racing Post of publishing “imbalanced stories”.

Rhodes also delivered a speech at the International Association of Gambling Regulators, attacking critics over what he called “deliberate misinformation”.

GamCare came out in support of the enhanced affordability checks, though the charity also outlined concerns over the threshold level.

Jockey Club CEO launches petition against checks

A potentially pivotal moment in the industry’s fight against affordability checks was in early November. This saw Jockey Club chief executive Nevin Truesdale launch an online petition rallying opposition against the checks.

The Jockey Club believes affordability checks could cost the racing industry £250m over the next five years. It was also claimed that bettors may have to prove they can afford their hobby if they lose £1.37 per day.

By the end of November, the petition had reached 100,000 signatures. This was enough to ensure that affordability checks would be considered for a debate in Parliament. After the issue was discussed in Westminster Hall in January, there is set to be a debate in late February.

“The fact that our survey reached the required 100,000 signatures threshold in just 27 days is powerful testament to the strength of feeling shared by bettors over the proposed checks,” said Julie Harrington, chief executive of the British Horseracing Authority (BHA).

Black market a risk associated with checks

While affordability checks were intended to protect vulnerable groups, there have been suggestions that financial risk checks could instead drive them towards unregulated play in a bid to continue gambling.

Rhodes again came out to dismiss that argument at a November CEO briefing, the largest-ever meeting of industry leaders. He reiterated the risk of “intrusive” affordability checks driving some to illegal gambling was “overblown”.

“That does not mean there is no risk, as I have said many times,” he added. “It does not mean there are no problems. I hear quite a lot of examples from you, but we need to turn that into something we can action.”

Despite Rhodes’ confidence that the proposed affordability checks will not lead to a rise in illegal gambling, 50-year UK industry veteran David Brown disagreed.

“This present scenario of potentially highly intrusive affordability checks is likely to encourage illegal operators within Britain,” Brown said in an interview with iGB. “There is no room for complacency here.

“A wise position would be to be alive to the threat of illegal activity and work collaboratively as an industry to identify it and prosecute under the law.”

New York’s igaming dream: Where do we go from here?

New York’s igaming supporters are currently in a state of whiplash. Just under two weeks ago, state senator Joseph Addabbo introduced Senate Bill S8185, which would legalise igaming in the Empire State with one key addition – ilottery. This marked Addabbo’s latest attempt to bring igaming to the foray, after S4856 petered out last year.

New York would be one of the most prolific gaming markets globally, says Glaser

But days later, New York governor Kathy Hochul decided not to include igaming in the state’s $232.7bn (£183.73bn/€214.70bn) budget for 2025, throwing cold water over the whole affair.

This is not uncommon in the US, where states dedicate years to advocating for a specific type of betting to be introduced. Just a quick glance at California’s legislative sports betting record will tell you that. So what’s the big deal about getting igaming to New York?

According to Howard Glaser, head of government affairs and legislative counsel at Light & Wonder, New York has the potential to become one of the most prolific igaming states in the country.

“If New York state adopted igaming, that market would be one of the biggest gaming markets in the world, period,” he says. “This is a state with 20 million people, 14 million adults, and it’s really just a robust environment for gaming.”

Success across the terrain

Even more convincingly, other states have modelled the introduction of igaming with great success for revenue.

“You have models in New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Michigan which are just extraordinarily successful,” Glaser explains. “In New Jersey and Pennsylvania, they’re running at $1.5bn, $1.7bn over the last 12 months each, with the associated tax revenue. Michigan is close to that level as well.”

“There really isn’t any question about whether the model can be successful.”

It’s essentially a sure thing, which should be music to a lawmaker’s ears. So why hasn’t it stuck in the legislature thus far? The issue lies in straightening out the igaming issue politically, according to Glaser – “The challenge is solving for the politics in the US, both within the industry and some external factors as well.”

Addabbo says Senate Bill S8185 is a starting point for negotiations

“This bill has been introduced; it’s the second year in a row. A few changes were involved in it – not too extensive changes. It’s really the beginning point for this conversation; it’s an attempt to keep the momentum alive to get another significant US state in play.”

What can Senate Bill S8185 offer New York?

Addabbo describes it as just that: a starting point for the igaming conversation.

“It’s a starting point for what I hope to be negotiations during the budget process here in New York for igaming and ilottery,” he says. “It sets up the parameters which I envision and hopefully my counterpart in the other House, the Assembly, will.”

The bill’s highlights include a its 30.5% tax rate. It also proposes a $25m fund to protect current jobs existing casinos and a $11m fund for problem gaming programmes. And of course, ilottery.

“This new bill is improved from the bill introduced last year,” he explains. “This bill does include ilottery this time, and this bill does include again a $25m fund to protect jobs. This is because we do not want igaming to cannibalise any of our existing brick and mortar casino jobs.”

Generally, the bill has been well received – or at least, the state senator hasn’t yet encountered an unfixable problem.

“We have those who are advocating and they love the idea of igaming and ilottery in New York, and there are those who have concerns, and I’ve heard many concerns,” he admits. “And there’s no concern yet that I have heard that can’t be overcome or can’t be addressed legislatively with the bill or with a variation of the bill.”

Governor Hochul’s budget throws a curveball

The absence of igaming in the 2025 New York budget, however, naturally presents a challenge. But this wasn’t a shock for Glaser.

“This is the game they play. In New York in particular, but in most US states, the governor will propose a budget which is below the level of spending that the lawmakers would like.”

Then the pressure is passed on to legislators. If they want to spend more money, they’ll have to find it first.

New York governor Kathy Hochul did not include igaming in the state’s FY25 budget

Naturally, Addabbo would have preferred igaming to be on the budget – and he’s not prepared to back down just yet. His tactic is to keep an eye on the executive budget.

“[The executive budget] tells us what she [Hochul] wants to do… what direction she wants our state going. But as for how we get there, how we pay for these things, that’s what the months of January February and March are for, for the budget negotiations.”

“I’ll still remain optimistic that we can have a discussion on it during the budget process.”

What lies ahead for igaming in New York?

So it’s safe to say New York’s igaming dream is still alive and well. As Glaser says, this is just the first step in the process.

“We’re just at the very first inning of the process; the governor’s just kicking it off,” he explains. “I have no doubt that if the legislature put it in their versions of the budget, the governor would sign off on that.”

The biggest stumbling block, he continues, is the state’s labour unions. One unique aspect of Addabbo’s bill is that to qualify for an interactive gaming licence. Those those operating a live dealer game must agree to a labour deal with a union.

“The challenge though – as it is in other places as well, all the states have unique challenges – New York is a big labour union state,” says Glaser. “The land-based casinos are all unionised. Those unions are concerned about the impact on their members in land-based casinos.”

The Land-based market will grow with the introduction of igaming, says Glaser

Work must be done to convince land-based venues that igaming will help – not hurt – the casino market in the state. “The entertainment marketplace is largely digital, and if the casinos don’t have a digital component, they’re not going to be able to see the kind of growth they’ll need, either at the land-based level or the igaming level without it.”

For Addabbo, New York needs a sure thing – and this is exactly what igaming and ilottery will provide.

“I remain optimistic, only because our New York State Comptroller – who looks at our finances – tells us we have a bad fiscal situation this year and it only gets worse 2025-2026,” he explains. “So you do need that sustainable revenue. Not these one shot gimmicks, but sustainable revenue going forward. And that’s igaming and ilottery.”

New York’s igaming journey has been nothing short of a rollercoaster ride. But there’s light at the end of the tunnel – and a long drop down to the end.